Alogaritma Dan Program akses Sensor Jarak

Program  akses Sensor Jarak [ PING))) ]dengan Bascom AVR

roga

$regfile = “m8535.dat”
$crystal = 8000000

Config Lcd = 16 * 2
Config Lcdbus = 4
Config Lcdpin = Pin , Db4 = Portc.4 , Db5 = Portc.5 , Db6 = Portc.6 , Db7 = Portc.7 , E = Portc.1 , Rs = Portc.0

Config Timer1 = Timer , Prescale = 64

Sigout Alias Portb.0
Sigin Alias Pinb.0
Dirsig Alias Ddrb.0
Dim Data_timer As Integer
‘==================================================
Inisialisasi:
Waitms 100
Initlcd
Locate 1 , 1
Lcd “demo ping”
Wait 1
Cls
Utama:
Gosub Ambil_datatimer
Locate 1 , 1
Lcd Data_timer
Wait 1
Cls
Goto Utama
‘==================================================
Ambil_datatimer:
Dirsig = 1
Set Sigout                                               ‘bankitkan pulsa
Waitus 10
Reset Sigout

‘terima pulsa ubah dulu jadi input
Dirsig = 0                                               ‘jadi input
Set Sigout                                              ‘pull up internal diaktifkan
Bitwait Sigin , Set
Data_timer = 0
Timer1 = 0
Start Timer1

Do
If Sigin = 0 Then
Data_timer = Timer1
Stop Timer1
Exit Do
End If

If Tifr.2 = 1 Then                                ‘cek register timer1 overflow?
Stop Timer1
Tifr.2 = 1
Data_timer = 0
Exit Do
End If
Loop
Stop Timer1
Return

V

Sensor Jarak (sensor ultrasonic)

Sensor jarak dapat menggunakan sensor ultasonic, sensor ultrasonic cara kerjanya sama seperti kelalawar saat mengetahui halangan di depannya. Sensor ultrasonic bekerja dengan memancarkan gelombang ultrasonic berupa pulse melalui TX(transifer) dari sensor dan akan terpantul kembali gelomnbang ultrasonic dan di tangkap oleh RX(resiver) sensordari sensor. Sensor ultrasonic mempunyai jara 2cm hingga 300cm.

/*****************************************************

Project :

Version :

Date    : 4/2/2008

Comments:

Chip type           : ATmega8535

Program type        : Application

Clock frequency     : 4.000000 MHz

Memory model        : Small

External SRAM size  : 0

Data Stack size     : 128

*****************************************************/

#include

// Alphanumeric LCD Module functions

#asm

.equ __lcd_port=0x1B ;PORTA

#endasm

#include

#include

#include

//deklarasi PIN I/O PING

#define PULSE PORTB.0

#define ECHO  PINB.0

#define ARAH  DDRB.0

#define OUT 1

#define INP 0

unsigned int ultrasonic()

{

unsigned int count=0;                               //deklarasi variabel local count: penghitung lebar ECHO

unsigned int jarak;                                      //dekarasi jarak: hasil pembagian lebar ECHO dengan suatu konstanta

ARAH=OUT;                                                 //mengatur PIN I/O sebagai output

PULSE=1;                                     //memberikan tanda ke PING untuk memancarkan ultrasonic burst

delay_us(5);                               //waktu tunggu sebelum pengukuran min. 2us biasanya 5us

PULSE=0;                                    //menberikan sinyal low ke PING

ARAH=INP;                               //arah PIN I/O diatur sebagai input

PULSE=1;                                    //mengatur PIN I/O sebagai pill-up

while (ECHO==0) {};              //menunggu sinyal ECHO high

while (ECHO==1)

{

count++;                                  //menghitung lebar sinyal ECHO high

}

jarak=(unsigned int)(((float)count)/25); // nilai pembagi dikalibrasi sampai sesuai dengan satuan yang diinginkan

return(jarak);                                                      //mengembalikan jarak ke fungsi ultrasonic dengan tipe data unsigned int

}

// Declare your global variables here

void main(void)

{

// Declare your local variables here

unsigned char kata[16];//variabel lokal untuk menyusun karakter dengan lebar array 16 dan mengirim ke LCD

// Input/Output Ports initialization

// Port A initialization

// Func7=In Func6=In Func5=In Func4=In Func3=In Func2=In Func1=In Func0=In

// State7=T State6=T State5=T State4=T State3=T State2=T State1=T State0=T

PORTA=0×00;

DDRA=0×00;

// Port B initialization

// Func7=In Func6=In Func5=In Func4=In Func3=In Func2=In Func1=In Func0=In

// State7=T State6=T State5=T State4=T State3=T State2=T State1=T State0=T

PORTB=0×00;

DDRB=0×00;

// Port C initialization

// Func7=In Func6=In Func5=In Func4=In Func3=In Func2=In Func1=In Func0=In

// State7=T State6=T State5=T State4=T State3=T State2=T State1=T State0=T

PORTC=0×00;

DDRC=0×00;

// Port D initialization

// Func7=In Func6=In Func5=In Func4=In Func3=In Func2=In Func1=In Func0=In

// State7=T State6=T State5=T State4=T State3=T State2=T State1=T State0=T

PORTD=0×00;

DDRD=0×00;

// Timer/Counter 0 initialization

// Clock source: System Clock

// Clock value: Timer 0 Stopped

// Mode: Normal top=FFh

// OC0 output: Disconnected

TCCR0=0×00;

TCNT0=0×00;

OCR0=0×00;

// Timer/Counter 1 initialization

// Clock source: System Clock

// Clock value: Timer 1 Stopped

// Mode: Normal top=FFFFh

// OC1A output: Discon.

// OC1B output: Discon.

// Noise Canceler: Off

// Input Capture on Falling Edge

// Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt: Off

// Input Capture Interrupt: Off

// Compare A Match Interrupt: Off

// Compare B Match Interrupt: Off

TCCR1A=0×00;

TCCR1B=0×00;

TCNT1H=0×00;

TCNT1L=0×00;

ICR1H=0×00;

ICR1L=0×00;

OCR1AH=0×00;

OCR1AL=0×00;

OCR1BH=0×00;

OCR1BL=0×00;

// Timer/Counter 2 initialization

// Clock source: System Clock

// Clock value: Timer 2 Stopped

// Mode: Normal top=FFh

// OC2 output: Disconnected

ASSR=0×00;

TCCR2=0×00;

TCNT2=0×00;

OCR2=0×00;

// External Interrupt(s) initialization

// INT0: Off

// INT1: Off

// INT2: Off

MCUCR=0×00;

MCUCSR=0×00;

// Timer(s)/Counter(s) Interrupt(s) initialization

TIMSK=0×00;

// Analog Comparator initialization

// Analog Comparator: Off

// Analog Comparator Input Capture by Timer/Counter 1: Off

ACSR=0×80;

SFIOR=0×00;

// LCD module initialization

lcd_init(16);

while (1)

{

sprintf(kata, “J=%3d cm”, ultrasonic()); //menyusun karakter ke dalam satu baris dengan menggunakan fungsi sprintf

lcd_clear();                                                        //membersihkan layar LCD

lcd_gotoxy(0,0);                                            //menempatkan kursor pada koordinat 0,0 LCD

lcd_puts(kata);                                                //mengirim data ke LCD

delay_ms(300);                                              //delay memberi waktu sebelum lcd_clear();

}

}